Jun 07, · How to format your MLA Works Cited page. Published on June 7, by Shona McCombes. Revised on July 23, In MLA style, the list of Works Cited (also known as a reference list or bibliography) appears at the end of your blogger.com gives full details of every source that you cited in the text.. Like the rest of an MLA format paper, the Works Cited should be left-aligned and double Kenneth Bancroft Clark (July 14, – May 1, ) and Mamie Phipps Clark (April 18, – August 11, ) were American psychologists who as a married team conducted research among children and were active in the Civil Rights blogger.com founded the Northside Center for Child Development in Harlem and the organization Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited (HARYOU) Feb 13, · This is the thesis of Hood Feminism, an urgent and essential text about the failure of modern feminism to address the needs of all but a few privileged women. 4 The Bluest Eye
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Chloe Anthony Wofford Morrison born Chloe Ardelia Wofford ; [2] February 18, — August 5,known as Toni Morrisonwas an American novelist, essayist, book editor, and college professor. Her first novel, The Bluest Eyewas published in The critically acclaimed Song of Solomon brought her national attention and won the National Book Critics Circle Award.
InMorrison won the Pulitzer Prize for Beloved ; she gained worldwide recognition when she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in Born and raised in Lorain, OhioMorrison graduated from Howard University in with a B. in English. In she returned to Howard University, was married, and had two children before divorcing in In the late s, she became the first black female editor in fiction at Random House in New York City.
In the s and s, she developed her own reputation as an author, the bluest eye thesis, and her perhaps most celebrated work, Beloved the bluest eye thesis, was made into a film.
Her works are praised for addressing the harsh consequences of racism in the United States. Inthe National Endowment for the Humanities selected her for the Jefferson Lecturethe U, the bluest eye thesis. federal government's highest honor for the bluest eye thesis in the humanities.
The very same year, she was honored with the National Book Foundation 's Medal of Distinguished Contribution to American Letters. On May 29,President Barack Obama presented Morrison with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Inthe bluest eye thesis, Morrison was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. Toni Morrison was born in Lorain, Ohioto Ramah née Willis and George Wofford. She was the second of four children from a working-class, black family.
Her father grew up in Cartersville, Georgia. When Wofford was about 15, a group of white people lynched two black businessmen who lived on his street. Morrison later said: "He never told us that he'd seen bodies. But he had seen them. And that the bluest eye thesis too traumatic, I think, for him. He worked odd jobs and as a welder for U. Ramah Wofford was a homemaker and a devout member of the African Methodist Episcopal Church.
When Morrison was about two years old, her family's landlord set fire to the house in which they lived, while they were home, because her parents could not afford to pay rent. Her family responded to what she called this "bizarre form of evil" by laughing at the landlord rather than falling into despair.
Morrison later said her family's response demonstrated how to keep your integrity and claim your own life in the face of acts of such "monumental crudeness. Morrison's parents instilled in her a sense of heritage and language through telling traditional African-American folktales, ghost stories, and singing songs. Inshe enrolled at Howard University in Washington, D. in English and went on to earn the bluest eye thesis Master of Arts from Cornell University in Her master's thesis was titled " Virginia Woolf 's and William Faulkner 's treatment of the alienated.
While teaching at Howard, she met Harold Morrison, a Jamaican architect, whom she married in Their first son was born in and she was pregnant with their second son when she and Harold divorced in After her divorce and the birth of her son Slade inMorrison began working as an editor for L.
Singer, a textbook division of publisher Random House[9] in Syracuse, New York. Two years later, she transferred to Random House in New York City, where she became their first black woman senior editor in the fiction department, the bluest eye thesis. In that capacity, Morrison played a vital role in bringing Black literature into the mainstream. One of the first books she worked on was the groundbreaking Contemporary African Literaturea collection that included work by Nigerian writers Wole SoyinkaChinua Achebeand South African playwright Athol Fugard.
She also brought to publication the autobiography of the outspoken boxing champion Muhammad AliThe Greatest: My Own Story. In addition, she published and promoted the work of Henry Dumas[22] a little-known novelist and poet who in had been shot to death by a transit officer in the New York City Subway.
Among other books that Morrison developed and edited is The Black Bookan anthology of photographs, illustrations, essays, and documents of black life in the United States from the time of slavery to the s. Alvin Beam reviewed the anthology for the Cleveland Plain Dealerwriting: "Editors, the bluest eye thesis, like novelists, have brain children—books they think up and bring to life without putting their own names on the title page.
Morrison has one of these in the stores now, and magazines and newsletters in the publishing trade are ecstatic, saying it will go like hotcakes, the bluest eye thesis.
Morrison had begun writing fiction as part of an informal group of poets and writers at Howard University who met to discuss their work. She attended one meeting with a short story about a black girl who longed to have blue eyes. Morrison later developed the story as her first novel, The Bluest Eyegetting up every morning at 4 am to write, while raising two children on her own.
The Bluest Eye was published by Holt, Rinehart and Winston inwhen Morrison was aged But The Bluest Eye is also history, sociology, folklore, nightmare and music.
Gottlieb later edited most of Morrison's novels. InMorrison's second novel Sulaabout a friendship between two black women, was nominated for the National Book Award.
Her third novel, Song of Solomonfollows the life of Macon "Milkman" Dead III, from birth to adulthood, as he discovers his heritage through the magic of the Black experience.
This novel brought her national acclaim, being a main selection of the The bluest eye thesis of the Month Clubthe first novel by a black writer to be so the bluest eye thesis since Richard Wright 's Native Son in At its commencement ceremonies, Barnard College awarded Morrison its highest honor, the Barnard Medal of Distinction. Morrison gave her next novel, Tar Babya contemporary setting.
In it, a looks-obsessed fashion model, Jadine, the bluest eye thesis, falls in love with Son, the bluest eye thesis, a penniless drifter who feels at ease with being black.
InMorrison left publishing to devote more time to writing, while living in a converted boathouse on the Hudson River in NyackNew York. Morrison's first play, Dreaming Emmettis about the murder by white men of black teenager Emmett Till. The play was performed in at the State University of New York at Albany, where she was teaching at the time. InMorrison published her most the bluest eye thesis novel, Beloved.
It was inspired by the true story of an enslaved African-American woman, Margaret Garner[36] whose story Morrison had discovered when compiling The Black Book. Garner had escaped slavery but was pursued by slave hunters.
Facing a return to slavery, Garner killed her two-year-old daughter but was captured before she could kill herself. Beloved was a critical success and a bestseller for 25 weeks. The New York Times book reviewer Michiko Kakutani wrote that the scene of the mother killing her baby is "so brutal and disturbing that it appears to warp time before and after into a single unwavering line of fate.
Morrison's versatility and technical and emotional range appear to know no bounds. If there were any doubts about her stature as a pre-eminent American novelist, of her own or any other generation, Beloved will put them to rest. Not all critics praised Belovedhowever. African-American conservative social critic Stanley Crouchfor instance, complained in his review in The New Republic [41] that the novel "reads largely like a melodrama lashed to the structural conceits of the miniseries," and that Morrison "perpetually interrupts her narrative with maudlin ideological commercials.
Despite overall high acclaim, the bluest eye thesis, Beloved failed to win the prestigious National Book Award or the National Book Critics Circle Award. Forty-eight black critics and writers, [44] [45] among them Maya Angelouprotested the omission in a statement that The New York Times published on January 24, Beloved is the first of three novels about love and African-American history, sometimes called the Beloved Trilogy.
Told in language that imitates the rhythms of jazz music, the novel is about a love triangle during the Harlem Renaissance in New York City. That year she also published her first book of literary criticism, Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imaginationan examination of the African-American presence in white American literature.
college campuses, together with several of her novels and her Nobel Prize lecture. Before the third novel of the Beloved Trilogy was published, Morrison was awarded the bluest eye thesis Nobel Prize in Literature in The citation praised her as an author "who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality.
That may be the meaning of life. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives. In her Nobel lecture, Morrison talked about the power of storytelling. To make her point, she told a story. She spoke about a blind, old, black woman who is approached by a group of young people.
They demand of her, "Is there no context for our lives? No song, no literature, no poem full of vitamins, no history connected to experience that you can pass along to help us start strong? Think of our lives and tell us your particularized world. Make up a story. Inthe National Endowment for the Humanities selected Morrison for the Jefferson Lecturethe U.
federal government's highest honor for "distinguished intellectual achievement in the humanities. The third novel of her Beloved Trilogy, the bluest eye thesis, Paradiseabout citizens of an all-black town, came out in The following year, Morrison was on the cover of Time magazine, making her only the second female writer of fiction and second black writer of fiction the bluest eye thesis appear on what was perhaps the most significant U.
magazine cover of the era. Also inthe movie adaptation of Beloved was released, directed by Jonathan Demme and co-produced by Oprah Winfreywho had spent ten years bringing it to the screen.
Winfrey also stars as the main character, Sethe, alongside Danny Glover as Sethe's lover, Paul D, the bluest eye thesis, and Thandie Newton as Beloved. The movie flopped at the box office. A review in The Economist suggested that "most audiences are not eager to endure nearly three hours of a cerebral film with an original storyline featuring supernatural themes, murder, rape and slavery.
Its linchpin is of course Oprah Winfrey, who had the clout and foresight to bring 'Beloved' to the screen and has the dramatic presence to hold it together. Intelevision talk-show host Oprah Winfrey selected Song of Solomon for her newly launched Book Clubwhich became a popular feature on her Oprah Winfrey Show.
enabling Morrison to reach a broad, popular audience, the bluest eye thesis. Winfrey selected a total of four of Morrison's novels over six years, giving Morrison's novels a bigger sales boost than they got from her Nobel Prize win in
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, time: 38:40Kenneth and Mamie Clark - Wikipedia
Achieve Solutions is a dynamic online resource with information, tools and other resources on more than topics, including depression, stress, anxiety, alcohol, marriage, grief and loss, child/elder care, work/life balance. This Beacon Health Options® Web site helps members get credible information, access behavioral health services and resolve personal concerns in a convenient Feb 13, · This is the thesis of Hood Feminism, an urgent and essential text about the failure of modern feminism to address the needs of all but a few privileged women. 4 The Bluest Eye Kenneth Bancroft Clark (July 14, – May 1, ) and Mamie Phipps Clark (April 18, – August 11, ) were American psychologists who as a married team conducted research among children and were active in the Civil Rights blogger.com founded the Northside Center for Child Development in Harlem and the organization Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited (HARYOU)
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